At what temperature and duration is heat treatment effective in killing all insects and stages?

The correct choice indicates that 130 degrees Fahrenheit for 3 hours is effective in killing all insects and their life stages. This temperature and duration are based on research and standards established in pest control practices, particularly when dealing with various types of insects, including bed bugs.

Heat treatment works by raising the temperature of infested materials to a level that is lethal to insects, affecting their ability to reproduce and survive. At 130 degrees Fahrenheit, most pests begin to die within a relatively short period. The three-hour exposure time is sufficient to ensure that heat penetrates deep into materials where insects may be hiding, allowing for an effective eradication of not just adult insects but also eggs and larvae.

Using this particular temperature and time effectively ensures comprehensive coverage and effectiveness. Anything significantly less than this combination might not penetrate deeply enough to affect all life stages, particularly in thicker materials or within hidden areas.